Cambodian Genocide free essay sample

Cambodia, a southeastern Asian nation, has persevered through numerous accomplishments in history and has frequently been vanquished yet never has it considered such to be pulverization as deplorable as in the year 1970. With a populace of about 7 million individuals at that point, practically all Cambodians preceding massacre rehearsed Buddhism. The nation was ruled by France for about 100 years lastly picked up freedom in 1953. Cambodia at that point turned into a protected government when Prince Sihanouk occurred as lord. After much battling to keep his property free from different nations, Sihanouk was ousted in a military overthrow including Prime Minister General Lon Nol. This caused the Vietnamese socialists that lived incompletely in Cambodia to frame an insubordinate gathering called the Khmer Rouge. Intrusions appeared to be ceaseless for the nation, as Sihanouk couldn't recover his capacity as ruler. Pressure between Lon Nol’s government and Khmer Rouge had ascended to an unsurpassed high until Khmer Rouge increased total intensity of the nation in 1975 and the official name was even changed to Democratic Kampucha. We will compose a custom article test on Cambodian Genocide or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page What we realize today as called Cambodia turned into a threatening and perilous spot to live, as it was essentially war justification for the Vietnamese war. Ousted by Khmer Rouge pioneer Pol Pot, Cambodians had to follow a sorted out radical program to reenact Maoist socialism. All laws and rights recently loved by the nation were prematurely ended and Pol Pot’s plan was to destroy conventional Cambodian culture. Individuals whose families had lived in Cambodia for endless ages were abruptly constrained without prior warning escape their homes. The Khmer Rouge mercilessly killed any individual on the spot in the event that they would not leave their homes or even took too long to even consider leaving. The individuals who didn’t obey orders were shot. Infants, debilitated kids, the old and handicapped individuals were likewise gone for not having the option to leave soon enough. All foundations were closed down. Industrial facilities, emergency clinics, schools, sanctuaries and colleges did not exist anymore, nor did religion, music or individual connections. All individuals who had earnedâ professional titles, for example, specialists, instructors, architects, legal advisors and endless others were searched out by Khmer Rouge and killed close by their more distant families. Individuals who were kept in the nation had to work in labor camps and were scarcely kept alive. Endless became sick and later kicked the bucket from poor day to day environments since they were not rewarded or thought about. All minorities including Chinese, Vietnamese and Thai were killed. Half of the Muslim populace was cleared out, alongside approximately 8,000 Christians. All through the 1980’s endeavors were made by outside nations to destroy the Khmer Rouge and restore Cambodian culture. At long last in 1991 Cambodia achieved a harmony bargain to implement truce and in the end Sihanouk was recovered the King, after two years. Reproduction was difficult since the entirety of the individuals who were prepared in designing, law, medication and pioneers were executed. Additionally the economy was pulverized because of Pol Pot and his attitude toward remote guide. A harmony keeping power was made to manage any issues including displaced people. Today Cambodia is by and by a protected government and is constrained by a senate and various different legislators. A progressed and sorted out government plainly exists and grounds that were once places of fear have now been made into remembrances committed to the numerous Cambodians who were killed. Despite the fact that the mental scars that were brought about by horrendous decimation will never stop, a more noteworthy feeling of patriotism has been made and the populace that is comprised of for the most part individuals who haven’t encountered the annihilation has achieved an incredible recuperation. I feel that the means that were taken by the individuals who freed Cambodia were fruitful in recovering their general public, taking into account how upsetting the decimation was. The slaughter laws that were implemented for this situation appear to be for the most part for political reasons, however there were special cases of laws that basically were not sensible. Laws that limited individuals from taking part in school, rehearsing their particular exchange and setting off to their place of religion or in any event, imploring, can be classified as politically determined since the Khmer Rouge was resolved to make Cambodia indistinguishable from Maoist China. The thinking behind laws, for example, the forbiddance of individual connections, wearing eye glasses, music, radio sets, knowing an unknown dialect, giggling, crying and articulations of warmth are not political, but instead egotistical and clearly prejudiced. Since this particular destruction is connected to the Vietnamese War that included mass passing in different nations too, it is believable that the close to districts that accomplished massacre too were very comparative. A record that is tantamount to the Cambodian massacre is the slaughter that happened in Rwanda. Other than the way that Rwanda additionally has a delightful subtropical atmosphere, the two nations endured unpleasant because of the wrongdoing of their own kin. The two nations persevered through a devastating slaughter that will always stay in their history and be returned to by the innumerable individuals who lost their families. Additionally, the economies of the nations were both seriously harmed, leaving today’s populace with an inconvenience as the economy and instruction frameworks advance at an exceptionally moderate pace. I have never experienced any sort of slaughter or horrendous disaster, particularly at this scale, however can identify for the individuals who did or didn't endure this loathsomeness. Since I haven’t experienced anything like this I don’t have anything individual to share concerning slaughter. Despite the fact that by being an American in the 21st century, the fear monger assaults known as 9/11 is a relatable disaster. A huge number of individuals were harmed or killed that day in view of the view the fear based oppressors had towards America. The measure of individuals who were murdered was not so much disastrous to our general public as on account of Cambodia and I don't know whether it can fundamentally be viewed as massacre yet the expectations of the psychological militants are comparative in a manner to those of Khmer Rogue. Khmer Rogue was narrow minded and controlling when they were not advocated in doing as such, particularly considering the measure of guiltless individuals who were killed. Pol Pot knew how we needed to run his rendition of Cambodia and couldn't have cared less that Khmer Rogue was ruinous towards Cambodian culture. I accept that when the Al-Qaeda fear mongers collided with the twin towers their expectations were to injure our general public and offer the expression that they don't concur with the manner in which we run our nation. Notwithstanding what number of individuals are slaughtered in endeavor to hurt a country’s society, the individuals who murder because of narrow mindedness don't have the right to exist. Over portion of the number of inhabitants in Cambodia was killed all through the couple of years that the Khmer Rogue was in power, therefor hurting their future potential on the planet. I imagine that the odds of war ever reaching a conclusion for individuals everywhere throughout the world are amazingly thin, yet on the off chance that war for narrow minded authority over individuals keeps on happening war will never end. Annihilation spreads disdain that can't be decimated.

Metabolic Process notes These are just notes for

Metabolic Process noticed These are simply notes for Synthetic Basis of Life (1)Biology is the investigation of living creatures. Thus, life forms are concoction machines, for example life forms are made out of particles, which are assortments of littler units called molecules. In this manner, we have to think about the science of life or biochemistry.Chemical Bonding-electrons possess different positions (good ways) from the core of a particle, known as vitality levels.- as an electron moves further from the core of a molecule, its potential vitality increments. Why? Vitality is contribution to decrease its regular fascination in the decidedly charged core.- the peripheral orbital or vitality levels are named the valence orbital; the valence electrons ** the substance conduct of a molecule is controlled by the number and game plan of the valence electrons.The requirement for security - there are a gathering of components in the Periodic Table considered the respectable gases that are latent (non-receptive). Aside from helium that has 2 valence electrons, all individuals from this gathering have 4 sets or 8 valence electrons.First-ever high-goals pictures of an atom as...Chemical Basis of Life (2)Therefore 8 is by all accounts an 'enchantment' number for example the respectable gases don't endeavor to pick up, lose, or share electrons with different iotas. Every single other component endeavor to pick up, lose and share electrons to accomplish the capacity of the honorable gases. These collaborations are the reason for concoction responses that will set up the synthetic bonds between atoms.Types of Bonds1.Ionic-Atoms lose electrons to turn out to be emphatically charged particles called cations-molecules gain electrons to turn out to be contrarily charged particles called anions.- an ionic bond shapes between metal cations and non-metal anions; it is just electrostatic fascination including inverse charges.e.g. table salt - NaCl-Sodium has 1valence electron; in the event that it loses this, it gets steady, coming about as the cation Na+-Chlorine has 7 valence electrons; the expansion...

Free Essays on Airplanes Saftey

Air terminal administration â€Å"McCarran Airport† The McCarran International air terminal is situated in Las Vegas Nevada only one mile south of the strip. The McCarran International Airport is a piece of the Clark district Airport framework which possesses and works six air terminals, including five general flying air terminals. These air terminals are worked under the arrangement bearing of the Board of County Commissioners, the authority of the County Manager and the administration of the executive and Deputy Director of Aviation. The Department of Aviation is an independent undertaking and works without region general store charge incomes. The regions of the McCarran air terminal that we will endeavor to break down are: the Airports’ history, current status, the likely arrangements; structure factors and an assessment whether these elements are appropriate for the current and future needs of the air terminal. First we will talk about the present realities of the Airport. McCarran International is the fifth busiest air terminal in North America, and twelfth on the planet as of the year 2000. In 2001 traveler traffic was 35,203,808. At present McCarran air terminal midpoints 96,449 travelers for every day contrasted with the 1991 normal of 55,266 every day. Somewhere in the range of 1991 and 2000 traveler traffic has expanded 74.5%. At present in excess of 30 carriers offer relentless support to in excess of 70 global and residential goals. The entirety of the significant carriers fly into the air terminal including United, southwest, American west, Delta, American, Continental and Northwest. This indicates 30 Domestic Airlines, 23 International and 21 Charter. In excess of 900 day by day plan flights fly all through the Airport. McCarran offers constant booked support of Canada, Germany, Japan, Mexico and London. Likewise fourteen airfreight organizations offer support through McCarran. Mc Carran comprises of 92 airplane entryways at two separate terminal structures. Terminal 1 has entryways A-D with door A totaling 19 doors, B 20 entryways, C19 doors and D has 26 gates.... Free Essays on Airplanes Saftey Free Essays on Airplanes Saftey Air terminal administration â€Å"McCarran Airport† The McCarran International air terminal is situated in Las Vegas Nevada only one mile south of the strip. The McCarran International Airport is a piece of the Clark region Airport framework which possesses and works six air terminals, including five general avionics air terminals. These air terminals are worked under the approach heading of the Board of County Commissioners, the authority of the County Manager and the administration of the chief and Deputy Director of Aviation. The Department of Aviation is an independent undertaking and works without province general reserve charge incomes. The zones of the McCarran air terminal that we will endeavor to investigate are: the Airports’ history, current status, the likely arrangements; structure factors and an assessment whether these elements are reasonable for the current and future needs of the air terminal. First we will talk about the present realities of the Airport. McCarran International is the fifth busiest air terminal in North America, and twelfth on the planet as of the year 2000. In 2001 traveler traffic was 35,203,808. Right now McCarran air terminal midpoints 96,449 travelers for each day contrasted with the 1991 normal of 55,266 every day. Somewhere in the range of 1991 and 2000 traveler traffic has expanded 74.5%. At present in excess of 30 aircrafts offer relentless assistance to in excess of 70 universal and household goals. The entirety of the significant carriers fly into the air terminal including United, southwest, American west, Delta, American, Continental and Northwest. This indicates 30 Domestic Airlines, 23 International and 21 Charter. In excess of 900 day by day plan flights fly all through the Airport. McCarran offers relentless planned support of Canada, Germany, Japan, Mexico and London. Additionally fourteen airfreight organizations offer support through Mc Carran. McCarran comprises of 92 airplane entryways at two separate terminal structures. Terminal 1 has doors A-D with entryway A totaling 19 entryways, B 20 doors, C19 doors and D has 26 gates....

Literary Personality of Edgar Poe

At a first glance, it is hard to understand what is so special about Edgar Allan Poe and why he is considered to be one of the most prominent figures in American – and, come to think of it – global literary history. He wasn’t particularly well-known as a writer during his life (he was considered to be a literary critic first and foremost), he didn’t write any great novels (he did write a novel, The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym of Nantucket, but it was nothing very much out of the ordinary and had very limited success) – when all is said and done, all he left is a bunch of short stories and critical essays and articles. And it is exactly why he is so special. It was Edgar Poe who almost single-handedly created the genre of short story and determined its future development into what we have today. Of course, there were short stories before him – but they were completely different in character and presentation, possessing something akin to anecdotal quality. They were considered to be rather written renditions of oral narratives rather than a thing in itself possessing a distinct literary quality. Even their common naming before Poe – tales – reflected it. Poe, theoretically in his critical works and practically in his stories, created a set of rules determining what differentiates a good short story from a bad one and a short story from something that cannot be filed under this name. Of course, really good authors regularly dismiss these rules – but before dismissing them a good writer should know them, because it is this knowledge that allows them to become good. The history doesn’t care about ifs, but it wouldn’t be an exaggeration to say that without Edgar Allan Poe the entire development of literature in late 19th and 20th centuries would have gone in a rather different way. A lot of writers wouldn’t have achieved success, various stories would have been written, and written in a different way. So yes, despite his rather limited literary legacy, Poe’s influence over the world literature can hardly be overestimated. And, of course, one cannot omit the fact that it was Poe who basically created the entire genre of literature – detective stories. It is often dismissed as pure entertainment, but it plays an enormous role in lives of people – the entire segment of pop culture can in this or that way be referred to it. Thus the people who are very far from what is considered to be ‘true literature’ have a lot to thank Poe for – were it not for him, we wouldn’t have Sherlock Holmes, Miss Marple and Hercule Poirot and all that is derived from them, be it in literature, film or television. In other words, Poe may not have created much himself, but he certainly knew where and how to apply pressure to change the course in which literature moves. And he managed to influence it in a way few other writers did. 1.00 avg. rating (56% score) - 1 vote

The Great British Heroes Churchill - 1748 Words

Churchill finds his name among many great British heroes throughout history who are known for saving their country in times great of crisis. In almost a biblical fashion, Churchill is remembered for being one of the champions of WWII and an icon of British history. One may find it surprising, but this famous Brit was only half British. Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill was born on November 30th, 1874 at the Blenheim Palace, an estate owned by Churchill’s family. Churchill was born into an aristocratic wealthy family, the Dukes of Marlborough, known for their high reaching wealth and status. Churchill’s father was British Politician and his mother was the daughter of the American millionaire, Leonard Jerome. At an early age Churchill†¦show more content†¦Rather than focus the famous British Naval Force on a possible German invasion, Churchill believed that a new naval campaign, 1,000 miles East, could win the war. He proposed, and the cabinet approved, a pl an to capture the port city of Constantinople: the city was a key strategic point along the Eastern Front and whoever controlled it ultimately had the upper hand in the region. Only through Constantinople could Russia import the resources it needed to survive, along with this Churchill believed that if the British and French forces seized control of the city, then the Ottoman Empire would collapse which would persuade neutral states in the region to join the Allies. The infamous mission to achieve this plan was called â€Å"The Gallipoli Campaign,† and became known as one of Churchill’s gravest errors. The issues surrounding the campaign immediately arose when the British Military initially refused to send as many troops to the region as Churchill proposed. However, with great hubris, the young war strategist continued with the assault believing his plan would work even with the lack of troops. The next disadvantage that the Allies faced was poor weather accompanied by undetected mines surrounding the Gallipoli Peninsula, two crucial factors which weren’tShow MoreRelatedSir Churchill On Britain s Past And Used Events That Defined Them897 Words   |  4 Pages Secondly, Churchill also reflected upon Britain’s past and used events that defined them. â€Å"Therefore, we must regard the next week or so as a very important period in our history. It ranks with the days when the Spanish Armada was approaching the Channel, and Drake was finishing his game of bowls; or when Nelson stood between us and Napoleon s Grand Army at Boulogne.† This passage is because he refl ected upon some of the greatest accomplishments that the British went through. By reflecting onRead MoreWinston Churchill: Britains Guardian Angel759 Words   |  3 PagesWinston Churchill: Britain’s Guardian Angel The date was August, 1940. London was a mess of smoking ruins and rubble. 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However, World War One was the first major conflict to implement forces on a large scale that would literally elevate the battlefield. The aeroplanes and zeppelins of the Great War opened the door to an entirely new way to wage battle, which has unquestionably altered the nature of war forever. Nevertheless, despite being the war that ornamented the importance of military aviation, it is unclear whether or not this monumentalRead MoreLeader Analysis: Winston Churchill2834 Words   |  12 PagesHuman Capital Doctor Joyce Russell Leader Analysis: Winston churchill by Alicia Lynch 21 February 2011 Leader Analysis: Winston Churchill Winston Churchill was arguably one of the most significant political leaders in the last century. A soldier, athlete, author, reporter, British politician, and international statesman, Churchill is best known as the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940-1945. He organized and guided British resistance against Nazi Germany’s effort to subdue the EuropeanRead More The Blitz and St Pauls Cathedral Essay4122 Words   |  17 PagesHowever, their uneasy emotions would later change into feelings of nationalistic pride and perseverance, as London became a city full of active resistors to the Nazi forces. This change would be prompted from a variety of sources, including Winston Churchill, the media, as well as the emergence of inspirational symbols. St. Pauls Cathedral is undoubtedly the most powerful of these symbols, becoming a timeless image associated with the Blitz, encapsulating sentiments of hope and courage. LONDON THROUGH

Essay Technology Crisis - 1119 Words

Man has become very dependant on technology. Without it everyday living would be difficult. Life would be peaceful if we didn’t have machines running people’s lives. Dependence on technology is detrimental to humanity, and will eventually lead to many dilemmas in the future. In this generation, mankind has become extremely reliant on technology. There isn’t a day that goes by that people don’t talk on their cell phones, drive a car, or utilize some type of machine. Technology has completely overtaken people’s lives and they don’t even realize it. Everyday use of automobiles, television, and cellular devices, has left humans with unhealthy bodies, and has put them at risk for serious health issues. This is all due to scarce†¦show more content†¦In order to stop humanity’s deteriorating state of health people should start taking control of their own lives and rely less on machines. Technology is harmful to mankind’s natur al way of life. From the nuclear bomb to genetic engineering, the face of our whole planet has been altered because of these effects. Throughout our history humans have abused technology. Every time there is a scientific breakthrough, scientists handle the new discovery like a child handle’s a new toy on Christmas morning. They get overly excited and don’t think of the consequences like what would happen if that toy broke, and in the case of science what would happen a nuclear bomb went off or genetic engineering was used to perfect the human body. Throughout mankind’s history they have misused technology like the nuclear bomb. It’s side effects on the environment are deadly for instance when, â€Å"100 nuclear bombs were dropped on cities and industrial areas—only 0.4 percent of the world’s more than 25,000 warheads—would produce enough smoke to cripple global agriculture† and then more horrible effects of the bombs occurred, â€Å"the smoke from vast fires started by bombs dropped on cities and industrial areas would envelop the planer and absorb so much sunlight that the earth’s surface would get cold, dark and dry, killing plants worldwide and eliminating our food supply.† The maltreatment of these weapons diminishedShow MoreRelated A Crisis: Funding for Educational Technology in the United States1870 Words   |  8 PagesA Crisis: Funding for Educational Technology in the United States The United States is a country that thrives through technological advancement. 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Why weren’t these technologies implem ented earlier in order to prevent such an event?Read MoreTechnology in Fahrenheit 451 and the Real World930 Words   |  4 PagesHow technology affects society in Fahrenheit 451 and the real world Every day, everywhere people are using technology to check email, calculate tax, and talk with each other. Technology has greatly affected the social structure today and in Fahrenheit 451. Technology has effected how the TV controls our lives, how we communicate with one another, and how strong the social structure is In both the real world and Fahrenheit 451. Similarly to the real world, in Fahrenheit 451 the TV is a habitualRead MoreScience Is a Boon or Bane1488 Words   |  6 Pagesor bane. I can say it depend upon people in what way they use the science. The invention of equation e=mc^2 paves way for the destruction of two countries. Lots and lots of million of poeple destroyed in this. But this plays much in solving energy crisis. 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Media and Sports Organization Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Media and Sports Organization. Answer: Many people all around the world often take sports as a profession. The media has a key role to play in promoting such sportsman (Levermore Moore, 2015). Moreover, if a sportsman is a newcomer or a sports organization is a newly formed one, then the support of the media is inevitable (Shank Lyberger, 2014). However, with the increase of the interference of the media on the sports organization, the effects on the athletes are often adverse (Bennett, 2014). It has been seen that the strong influence that the media has on the sports organizations often results in detrimental effects on the interest of the athletes (Martin, Ewing Gould, 2014). This assignment provides a strong argument for the notion that the powers, that the media has on the sports organizations are detrimental to the interest of the athletes. It is true, that media is powerful and has a significant role to play in the lives of a sportsman as well as on the sports organizations. The role of media is important in promoting the sports organizations as well as the athletes. The media highlights the achievement of the sportsman and makes him/her famous overnight (Harris et al., 2015). Without the promotional activities of the media, the success of many sports organizations or athletes would remain unrecognized. It is essential that the success story of a sportsman is published and promoted, in order to highlight his achievements, along with acting as a motivation of other potential sportsman (Doyle, Pentecost Funk, 2014). The media indeed has the power to glorify the success of an athlete and ensure that he becomes a role model for other, aspiring to reach the heights of success. However, it has often been seen that the media interferes more than the power given to the media, to interfere in the lives of the sportsman as well as in the sports organizations (Levermore Moore, 2015). The media personnel often considers themselves in a decision making position for an athlete or a sports organization (Bennett, 2014). This is a misconception. The role of media is to ensure that the decisions being made by a sports organization is promoted and published to the people all over the world, in order to spread the information. However, the media and the media personnel, often tend to cross the boundary of their interference, thus resulting in detrimental effects on the athletes (Doyle, Pentecost Funk, 2014). For a good performance of an athlete, it is essential that she/he is in a good and peaceful mental condition. It has been proven that the athletic performance is significantly dependent on the mental state of the sportsman, along with the skills that he/she has acquired (Ganesan, Sridhar, Ahmed, 2015). Anxiety and mental disturbances, acts as a distraction and hence deteriorates the performances of the athlete. Mental peace is essential for the power of concentration of an athlete (Doyle, Pentecost Funk, 2014). With the power of concentration, the athlete is able to focus on the sports event, ignoring the physical pain that he might be going through. However, the interference of the media results in adverse effects on the sportsman (Harris et al., 2015). It is true that the role of the media is essential for the promotion of a sports organization as well as the athletes, yet interference, more than the scope of the media is harmful (Martin, Ewing Gould, 2014). Each sports organization has a specific way of working, with a strong governing body and able board members. The decision making power is retained by the board members and they ensure that the most appropriate decision that is best for the athletes are taken by the board members (Crompton, 2015). However, it has often been seen that the critical decisions such as the training sessions, or the dress code, or the selection of the final team for a national on international sports event is often influenced by the media (Levermore Moore, 2015). The media, out of the scope of interference, influences the decisions of the media (Bennett, 2014). If the off-screen relation between a sportsman and influential media personnel is positive and friendly, the media ensures that he is chosen in the team that will play a national or international match (Ganesan, Sridhar, Ahmed, 2015). However, the preparation and skills of the person might not be up to the mark to play a national on international m atch (Doyle, Pentecost Funk, 2014). Thus, it often happens that an eligible athlete is often replaced by an un-deserving candidate, due to the influence of media on the sports organization and the decision making process of the board of management (Kwak, Kwon Lim, 2015). The detrimental effects that are seen as a result of this partiality includes lack of motivation of the deserving sportsman, along with the decline in the standard and skills that are required to play a national-level or international game (Harris et al., 2015). With the selection of the undeserving candidate, the deserving candidates fall a prey of the negative effects of the media and thus hampers the career of the athlete (Martin, Ewing Gould, 2014). Since, media is powerful hence; the career of the athlete, whose relation with media is not good, might be hampered, even if they have the adequate skills of becoming successful (Doyle, Pentecost Funk, 2014). One of the examples that the world of sports had witnessed is the case of Miki Ando, a two-time Japanese national staking champion, in 2004 junior world championship (Snyder et al., 2015). She became the first female skater to successfully complete quadruple jump in competition (Levermore Moore, 2015). She soon became a new face in the media as her success was of grand stature. She became a topic of gossip in the Japanese media and magazines (Crompton, 2015). However, the success of Miki Ando was soon over-shadowed by the attire she wore in the national games (Martin, Ewing Gould, 2014). Thus, the positive media coverage was soon turned into negative criticism, thus hampering the performance of the young athlete, in the upcoming games (Kwak, Kwon Lim, 2015). The media coverage was so influential and had such a negative effect on the athlete, that the Japanese Skating Federation (JSF) send a formal written request to the media that they should refrain from coverage of the young ath lete (Ganesan, Sridhar, Ahmed, 2015). Moreover, this negative publicity of the media about the dress she wore over-shadowed her performances and had detrimental effects on her career and preparation of upcoming sports events (Bennett, 2014). Thus, the detrimental effect on the athlete hampered the career and performances (Doyle, Pentecost Funk, 2014). After the 2006 Torino Olympics, Ando failed to perform well (Martin, Ewing Gould, 2014). She was given the 8th position in the women figure skating and the 15th position in the freestyle competition. Many of the experts are of the opinion that this performance was because of the criticism, that the young professional faced, along with the negative publicity of the media (Ganesan, Sridhar, Ahmed, 2015). However, JSF is not the only sports organizations who are concerned with the negative effects of media in the Olympics. The Canadian Olympic Committee (2006) , was also another sports organization, concerned with the negative effects of the media (Grohs, Reisinger Woisetschlger, 2015). This highlighted the facts that the media has indeed overstepped and interfered in the contexts that are solely the decisions of the sports organizations and the athletes (Doyle, Pentecost Funk, 2014). However, the media personnel are of the opinion that they are focussed on highlighting the good performances of the athletes, and does not interfere in the decision making process of the sports organizations (Crompton, 2015). Moreover, they also highlighted the facts that they have never interfered in the areas that are concerned with the sports organizations (Levermore Moore, 2015). However, the reality is somewhat different from that mentioned by the media personnel (Harris et al., 2015). Another co ncern that is seen in the athletes is the prediction that the media makes, about the winning or losing of a particular athlete. One example that is seen in this context is described below (Kwak, Kwon Lim, 2015). After the first gold medal was won by China in 2004, in the Olympic Games, an unexpected won made the media forecast for the win in the future games. The Chinese newspaper, started prediction that their athletes would win the gold medals in the upcoming games (Grohs, Reisinger Woisetschlger, 2015). However, this had an adverse effect on the mental peace of the athletes, as it created an additional pressure on the them, to fulfil the expectations of the nation (Momaya, Fawal Estes, 2015). However, unlike the predications, the Chinese athletes did not even make it up to the award stand, thus failing to fulfil the expectations of the nation (Kwak, Kwon Lim, 2015). Following this event, the Chinese media were of the opinion that the athletes themselves were over-hyped with t he winning if the gold medal and their over-confidence doomed the chances of winning the gold in the future games (Snyder et al., 2015). Thus, the media created an immense pressure on the athletes and blamed them for unable to take up the pressures. Following these incidents, the role of the media was questioned. Since the media should be dedicated to promote and support the athletes and ensure that, they are successful in the upcoming games (Grohs, Reisinger Woisetschlger, 2015). However, the role that media plays is creating immense pressure on the athletes, along with accusing them unnecessarily. The role of media also includes the social media (Kwak, Kwon Lim, 2015). The social media should be a catalyst for the assurance of the high performances of the athletes and should not act in a way that makes it difficult for the sportsman to achieve success (Prayag et al., 2013). Moreover, teams in a group sports is common (Crompton, 2015). Each team has various supporters. However, the aggressive portrayal of the media creates rivalry among the teams. Moreover, the media promotes aggression among the supporters of the teams, thus creating pressure on the sportsmen (Ganesan, Sridhar, Ahmed, 2015). Thus, along with an additional p ressure created, the media also encourages on/off field display of those aggression (Levermore Moore, 2015). Thus, instead of supporting the athletes, the interference of the media makes things adverse for the athletes, having detrimental effects on the career (Snyder et al., 2015). Another dilemma that is created due to the interference of the media on the athletes, is on the spot decision making (Grohs, Reisinger Woisetschlger, 2015). It is often difficult for the athlete to decide on whether to correct the play as instructed by the coach, or ensure that the image in the media is preserved. It is ethical to ensure that the athlete follows the instructions that are being mentioned by the coach (Doyle, Pentecost Funk, 2014). However, since the athletes fear that their media image might be hampered, they focus on retaining their image as a celebrity, rather than an athlete. Thus, the quality of the play is degraded. For example, in basketball matches it is often seen that the defender often moves out of the way instead of jumping to defend the basket being made (Crompton, 2015). Defending the ball would have been the ethical way of playing and following the true sportsman spirit (Ganesan, Sridhar, Ahmed, 2015). However, the basketball players often give priori ty to their media image, thus hampering the quality and ethical norms of play. Along with on-field pressure, the media also impose off-field pressure. This includes the negative publicity of the athlete and critics in the various media, thus affecting the career of the athlete. Moreover, the aggressions displayed by the fans are often triggered by the negative publicity of the media (Harris et al., 2015). This also has a detrimental effect of the career of the athletes and they fear that their career might be doomed, due to the negative publicity of the media. Thus, the powers of media on the sports organizations have a detrimental effect on the athletes. References Bennett III, R. A. (2014). Sports Fans 2.0: How Fans Are Using Social Media to Get Closer to the Game by David M. Sutera.Journal of Sport History,41(2), 369-370. Crompton, J. L. (2015). Potential negative outcomes from sports sponsorship.International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship,16(3), 20-34. Doyle, J. P., Pentecost, R. D., Funk, D. C. (2014). The effect of familiarity on associated sponsor and event brand attitudes following negative celebrity endorser publicity.Sport Management Review,17(3), 310-323. Ganesan, P., Sridhar, M., Ahmed, K. (2015). Effect Of Negative Publicity And Fans Response On Affinity, Trust And Loyalty--An Experimental Study Related To Ipl-T20 Cricket Team.Global Management Review,10(1). Grohs, R., Reisinger, H., Woisetschlger, D. M. (2015). Attenuation of negative sponsorship effects in the context of rival sports teams fans.European Journal of Marketing,49(11/12), 1880-1901. Harris, A., Gundersen, H., Mrk-Andreassen, P., Thun, E., Bjorvatn, B., Pallesen, S. (2015). Restricted use of electronic media, sleep, performance, and mood in high school athletesa randomized trial.Sleep Health: Journal of the National Sleep Foundation,1(4), 314-321. Kwak, D. H., Kwon, Y., Lim, C. (2015). Licensing a sports brand: effects of team brand cue, identification, and performance priming on multidimensional values and purchase intentions.Journal of Product Brand Management,24(3), 198-210. Levermore, R., Moore, N. (2015). The need to apply new theories to Sport CSR.Corporate Governance,15(2), 249-253. Martin, E. M., Ewing, M. E., Gould, D. (2014). Social agents influence on self-perceived good and bad behavior of American youth involved in sport: Developmental level, gender, and competitive level effects.The Sport Psychologist,28(2), 111-123. Mathewson, K. (2017).A Rhetorical Analysis Of The Representation Of Student-Athletes In Visual Media(Doctoral dissertation, Appalachian State University). Momaya, A., Fawal, M., Estes, R. (2015). Performance-enhancing substances in sports: a review of the literature.Sports Medicine,45(4), 517-531. Prayag, G., Hosany, S., Nunkoo, R., Alders, T. (2013). London residents' support for the 2012 Olympic Games: The mediating effect of overall attitude.Tourism Management,36, 629-640. Shank, M. D., Lyberger, M. R. (2014).Sports marketing: A strategic perspective. Routledge. Snyder, P., Matsumoto, A. M., Fricker, P., Martin, K. A. (2015). Use of androgens and other hormones by athletes.

The Roaring Twenties The Age of Degeneration Essay Example Essay Example

The Roaring Twenties: The Age of Degeneration Essay Example Paper The Roaring Twenties: The Age of Degeneration Essay Introduction The Roaring Twenties: The Age of Degeneration Moral values, the standards of good and evil, are the foundation of a society, allowing a person to value integrity and make the right choices. However, during the Roaring Twenties in the United States, as we enter a new era of cultural and economic dynamism, the values are being overthrown by the new lust for money, power, and most important of all, pleasure. The Great Gatsby Juxtaposes the new moneys extravagant life and the old moneys crumbling aristocratic values. F. Scott Fitzgerald exposes this dramatic phenomenon in his novel, where he crafts a trikingly realistic painting of the society in the Roaring Twenties, where materialism thrives and leads to the loss of moral standards. Jay Gatsbys world revolves around a single dream that he holds as the lifeline in his story. It is a dream of wealth and aristocracy. After his adventure in luxury with Dan Cody, who becomes his father fgure, Gatsby finds his dream embodied by Daisy Fay, be cause â€Å"Her voice is full of money’ (Fitzgerald 120). She represents wealth and class. She has a very lighthearted conduct and charismatic behavior. She is â€Å"the golden girl† (Fitzgerald 120), born in a ealthy, upper-class society, and married to a rich man. However, we also see that her shiny image is only a fapde to cover her degeneration. We first catch a glimpse of her true character when she decides to confide to Nick that â€Å"the best thing a girl can be in this world, a beautiful little fool† (Fitzgerald 17). The Roaring Twenties: The Age of Degeneration Essay Body Paragraphs She fully embraces the new concept of women in the Roaring Twenties and is ready to give up her self-respect to conserve her luxurious lifestyle. Daisy also shows the lack of maternal love. Even though she is a mother, she is so engrossed in her love affairs and lavish life that she never takes care of her daughter. She only dresses Pammy up for special occasions, as if her daughter is Just another possession in order to promote her image. In Gatsbys vision, Daisy is symbolized by the green light on her dock. It holds a â€Å"colossal significance† (Fitzgerald, 93) because it is the color of money and envy. Daisy is the perfect example to illustrate the prevailing rise of materialism in the Roaring Twenties. Another woman, who is seemingly the perfect opposite of Daisy Fay, is also a model woman of the Roaring Twenties. Myrtle Wilson belongs to the working class but wishes to strive in the social ladder and acquire the extravagant lifestyle of the icher classes. She is ready t o have an affair with a man who wants her only as a tool to relieve his stress. She is his escape to another life, where he can fully express his most odious sides. However, in the end, it is this exact same dream, which at first may seems like an escape to her, that kills Myrtle in the most violent way. Instead of working hard to gain her position, she lets her materialistic needs bring the dissolution of her morality. Ironically, Myrtle is killed by a luxury car, which symbolizes wealth and independence. This lust for money, characteristic of the Roaring Twenties, has destroyed her. The rise of materialism is symbolized most strongly through the eyes of T. J. Eckleberg. The advertisement sign of T. J. Eckleberg is sltuatea In tne valley 0T Asnes, a place tnat Iles Detween New York ana tne west Egg. It is where all the waste from New York and the Eggs are stored, causing piles of ashes swallowing everything. We can consider it as a backstage for the lavish life in New York and the Eggs, where all unpleasantness produced by the upper class’s glamorous lives is stored and hidden. George Wilson, Myrtle’s husband, lives and works there. After his wife’s tragic death, he points at the advertisement sign of T. J. Eckleberg and claims that â€Å"God sees everything† (Fitzgerald 160) The fact that T. J. Eckleberg is considered by George as a God shows the disorientation of the Twenties’ society. Hidden behind the glimmering lights of the cities, the Valley of Ashes represents the decaying morality of the society. The concept of God is lost, and the people are desperately looking for a spiritual guidance in their life. But only an advertisement board represents this guidance. This fact shows that materialism has conquered spiritual values and has now become the societys religious belief. Fitzgerald uses this striking image to convey the power of materialism over the society. We can observe the collapsing self-discipline through almos t every character in this novel. This perversion of character shows the extent of corruption throughout the society. Jordan Baker, who is Nick Carraways romantic interest, is a perfect example. Even though she is the narrator’s lover, the description of her conduct makes it impossible for the readers to sympathize with Nick. She is a very careless person. She is a â€Å"rotten driver† (Fitzgerald, 58) but she still drives hastily because â€Å"it takes two to make an accident† (Fitzgerald, 58). Jordan’s arguments prove that she is a haughty, irresponsible woman who believes that she should never take the blame. Furthermore, Nick notes that she is â€Å"incurably dishonest† (Fitzgerald 58) because she cheated during sport competitions. She also chooses to lie because it was easier to be dishonest in order to â€Å"satisfy the demands of her hard, Jaunty body’ (Fitzgerald 58). Jordan Baker always chooses to obey her physical needs at the expe nse of her virtues. This carelessness is not exclusive to Jordan, but is a shared trait between almost every character in this novel, like Tom Buchanan for example. He is hypocrite ho uses Myrtle as a way to satisfy his physical needs. He owns an apartment in New York where he holds his affair. We can observe through his visit in his love nest that the people in New York witness unfaithfulness with nonchalance, as if it has become a habitual thing. At Myrtle and Tom’s party, we can fully witness these people’s carelessness. The guests drink excessively and the hosts â€Å"disappeared† (Fitzgerald 29) to make love in spite of their guests’ presence. Myrtle also spends money carelessly, buying too much furniture for the apartment. She also buys a dog spontaneously but abandons it to die. The party at Tom and Myrtle’s love nest exposes the immorality of the city. As a narrator in this novel, Nick Carraway shares with his readers that he is disgusted b y the carelessness of Jordan, Daisy, Tom and the whole society in general. However, he can see one person who he can still respect. That person is Gatsby. After Gatsbys death, Nick leaves the East because of the â€Å"foul dust [that] floated in the wake of [Gatsbys] dreams [has] temporarily closed out [his] interest in the abortive sorrows and short-winded elations of men† (Fitzgerald 2). Even though Gatsby has a very dark past, he is fundamentally a good person. We can see through his childhood notebook that he considers being â€Å"better to parents† (Fitzgerald 173) an important quality that he needs to remember. HIS only Dao aeclslon Is to devote nls entlre IITe to Daisy. He nas turned ner Into nls absolute dream. In order to achieve this dream, he has to attach his life to â€Å"the foul dust,† which is the criminal and extravagant life that Gatsby leads in order to be worthy of Daisy. He even sacrifices his own life to protect Daisy from her crime. Gatsby is worth â€Å"the whole damn bunch put of together† (Fitzgerald 154) because Daisy, Tom and Jordan, even though not associated to organized crimes, are even ore immoral than he. Nicks acquaintance with Gatsby unravels the degeneration of his society, corrupted by the interminable seeking of â€Å"elations† through wealth, alcohol and sex. Nick is â€Å"one of the few honest people† (Fitzgerald, 59) in this novel. Although, he does lie occasionally, his lies are said in good intentions. For example, when Henry C. Gatz arrives at Gatsbys mansion upon hearing the news of his son’s death, Nick states that they are â€Å"close friends† (Fitzgerald 168). As a person who always tries to value moral standards, I understand Nicks feelings when he gives this ie. I do not believe that this dishonesty puts him on the same level as Jordan Baker or other dishonest character, because his lie isn’t said to protect himself, but to protect another from unne cessary pain. I also have been put into circumstances where telling the truth would be too rude or hurtful to the other person, so I also lied, just like Nick. I believe that sometimes, saying the truth would be the wrong thing to do, given the circumstances. For example, my cousin had a hamster that she dearly loved. One day, she was enrolled in a very prestigious mathematics competition, and he had to travel to another country to participate in it. I came to her house after she left, to congratulate her parents, only to find out that her hamster had died while she was away. From then on, whenever she called home and asked about her hamster’s health, I always reassured her by saying that he was fine. This lie allowed her to concentrate on her exams and eventually get good results. Even though I lied, it was in good intention because I knew that the truth would be too much pain for her to handle. This experience allows me to understand Nicks intention and feelings. F. Scott. Fitzgerald, through this novel, criticizes the materialism of the Roaring Twenties’ society, as we enter the phase of transition between old-fashioned, conservative standards and modern, freethinking ideals. We can hear Fitzgerald’s voice through Nick Carraways ending prediction about the â€Å"orgastic future that year by year recedes from us† (Fitzgerald, 180). We can understand his emphasis on physical pleasure through the word orgastic. Fitzgerald contemplates that the future we all hope for is forever out of reach of the disoriented society of 1920s. Works Cited http://www. thefreedictionary. com/orgastic We will write a custom essay sample on The Roaring Twenties: The Age of Degeneration Essay Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Roaring Twenties: The Age of Degeneration Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Roaring Twenties: The Age of Degeneration Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Yet More Testing Center Problems for June 6 SAT

Yet More Testing Center Problems for June 6 SAT SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips We've written at length about the June 6 SAT misprint snafuand SAT testing center problems. Our SAT experts who took the SAT on June 6th noted major problems in how the test was administered, leading to potential imbalances in test performance and equality. As we suspected, these problems extend throughout the country. A reader wrote in with his terrible College Board testing experience with his son. The belowletter was directly sent to the College Board as a complaint: My son took a SAT Subject test on June 6, 2015 at UC Irvine in Irvine, California. The test was to be an hour. I assumed the total time he would be there would be no more than 2 hours. On the testing day, there were hundreds of students there. They were testing for all subject tests plus the SAT itself. Checking in the students was a nightmare. Initially, there was only one extremely long line of students. I dropped my son off and saw him get in line. Since we arrived early, he was behind approximately 50-75 students. When I drove by 30 minutes later, I was shocked to see the line at least five times longer and my son still standing in line. At that point, I thought there was nothing I could do, and it wasn't until FOUR hours later when he texted me that he had finished, that I discovered what he had to go through. After he waited an hour in line waiting to be checked in, he said suddenly many students started running to another building. He then heard someone yell that SAT subject test takers need to go to another building. By the time he ran over to the other building, he then was at the back of a new long line. He said nowhere were signs posted or people giving instructions to the students as they arrived as to where they should go to check in. Once he got into the room for the test about an hour later, he said he sat through 40 minutes of instructions, including instructions about calculators and having the calculators physically examined. My son was not there to take a math subject test, but a history test. Yet he had to sit through lengthy instructions that did not even pertain to his test. So after being dropped off to take the test, he was not able to begin the test until hours later. That alone would make a student not only tired but even more apprehensive. The desk he had to sit in had a very small surface area, less than the size of a sheet of notebook paper. He said it wasn't even enough room for his scantron and his arm had to hang off the side. He had to put his test booklet in his lap, without anything underneath it to provide a harder writing surface. When I asked how he marked in his test booklet (for marking eliminations and notes), he said he had to do it in his lap and it was extremely uncomfortable. My son said he didn't want to take any further subject tests because of the experience. I tried to assure him that we will find a different test center next time, but I have no way of knowing what he might encounter elsewhere and it could be even worse. We have heard the many stories of proctors listening to audible music while the test is being administered, issues with the correct time being given, noise from outside not being addressed and other unfair conditions. At this point, we don't yet know how he fared on the SAT subject test he took. But regardless, these testing conditions and disorganization are unfair and completely unacceptable. We expected the process to be professional, especially since the College Board has been administering these tests for many years. It's very likely that this reader's son was severely disadvantaged compared to students at other, better-run SAT testing centers in the country. If the College Board is serious about reducing inequality in testing, one place it needs to look is testing conditions as test centers. Have a similar experience? Share it as a comment below. When you take the SAT or ACT, make sure you know your rights. Speak up if any of these problems happen to you. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points?We've written a guide about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Language Therapy of Disorders of Fluency Assignment

Language Therapy of Disorders of Fluency - Assignment Example Moreover, there is his mother’s cousin who stuttered at a young age but later grew over it. Most of the young children undergo a period of stuttering of up to 5% of their speech. Majority of such cases are resolved either through treatment or spontaneously. Thus, chances are also high that Cara would grow over it by the age of five but the mother is concerned that the cycle is deteriorating since her stutters are more obvious and rampant now occurring on a daily basis. The second benefit is visible in the way her mother is concerned about her (Cara’s) wellbeing and thus took her to a speech therapist. She was concerned about the intervention taking place for her daughter. She indicated that Cara’s speech and language skills developed at a similar rate to that of her peers. However, the problem began soon after her 3rd birthday when she began stuttering and having real difficulties in pronouncing words. The stuttering appeared to have gone and then come back worse than ever. Thus, the mother was concerned about the welfare of her daughter since she felt the condition had deteriorated and she could not wait for a longer period before she could intervene for her daughter. The third advantage is the way Cara lives in a well-integrated nuclear family. She lives at home with her mother, father and her baby brother who is one year old. This nuclear family provides her with the required parental support (Cummings 2008). Her health condition is good and she has a very active lifestyle where she is able to meet all her milestones in development. Her gross and even the fine motors skills are of appropriate according to her age and she presents excellent play skills. Cara has developed her language and speech at a similar rate with her peers. This is a good sign indicating that her stuttering could just be a phase that she was going through and she could come over it before the age of five.

Capstone Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 8

Capstone - Essay Example This paper also provides information concerning the ethical values of the company, and how it affects the organizations bottom line. Northrop Grumman is an American Multi-national company, specializing in the production of defense and aerospace facilities/ products. The company began its operations in 1994, through an acquisition of Northrop by Grumman. As of the year 2010, this company was voted as the fourth largest defense contractor in the world, and it employs more than 68,000 employees all over the world. The mission of the company is to be a leader in the production of defense and aeronautical technology. The mission of the company is also to satisfy the various needs of its customers through delivery and innovating high quality technological products, which are affordable (Hayden, Campbell and Cummins, 2010). The vision of the company on the other hand is to be a trusted and reliable supplier and producer of technologies and systems capable of protecting the country. To achieve this objective, the company aims to observe ethical values that guide defense contracting, promote innovation and collaboration a mongst its employees and key stakeholders. The key stakeholders of Northrop Grumman are share holders, suppliers, employees, and the company’s customers, which are always security institutions of America, and American allies. These people have an impact on the general performance of the company; this is because the company aims at achieving profitability for purposes of satisfying its shareholders and customers (Hayden, Campbell and Cummins, 2010). The company also seeks to produce high quality defense technologies, for purposes of protecting the country and satisfying the needs of its customers. Production of high quality defense technology is part and parcel of the organization’s mission and vision, and hence the employees of the

Reading Response to Introduction in Handbook of Race and Ethnic Studies Essay Example for Free

Reading Response to Introduction in Handbook of Race and Ethnic Studies Essay Upon reading the Collins and Solomos introduction to their Handbook of Race and Ethnic Studies, I soon realized that the field of race and ethnicity is a diverse, living thing that is constantly evolving. The authors make reference to the fact that the civil rights movement has been working for decades and it appears at times that no progress has been made. They make this point by mentioning the nightly newscasts on television that show global atrocities brought on by policies of ethnic cleansing or other forms of hate. This is proof that more work has to be done and we must continue to seek and promote understanding and equality. Collins and Solomos also mention the rise of more right-wing political groups that they refer to as the new right. These groups use the media to promote their ideas of an ideal state. They state that `for the new right` the appeal is by and large no longer to racial supremacy cultural uniformity` and they get around this by  ¨parading under the politics of nationalism and patriotism ¨. This reminded me of my history classes in school where I first learned of Hitler and how he used extreme nationalism as one of his tools to gain influence and power over a economically struggling Germany. There seems to be a great many voices and perspectives out there that may contradict one another at times, but I feel that the study or race and ethnicity must continue to be pursued.

Journalistic History :: essays research papers

11. Yellow Journalism- The cartoon â€Å"Hogan’s Alley† depicted a tenement urchin, â€Å"The Yellow Kid,† who mocked upper-class customs and wore a yellow gown. When THE JOURNAL matched THE WORLD in color print, the author of the cartoon switched newspapers. The ensuing dispute gave rise to â€Å"yellow journalism† (unprincipled journalism) and led to the recruitment of countless newsboys in a bid to increase sales. The biggest yellow journalists were Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst (â€Å"Please remain. You furnish the pictures. I’ll furnish the war.†) 17. Bohemian Thinkers- Many of these â€Å"thinkers† lived in Greenwich Village, NYC. They supported Freudian psychoanalysis, rejected traditional sexual traditions, and the Victorian life. This group included Isadore Duncan; the Ashcan artists (Henri, Sloan, and Luk); Eugene O’Neill, the playwright; Margaret Sanger, early supporter of birth control. Their influence was limited because they didn’t involve themselves in the reform movement. Their attitude was â€Å"do as I say, not as I do.† 21. Spanish-American War- The Spanish-American War was fought in 1898. The causes of this war were American concern for Cuban independence; the rise of yellow journalism; American business interests in Cuba; the DeLome letter, which was written by the Spanish Foreign Minister and criticized President McKinley; and the sinking of the USS Maine, which sank in the Havana Harbor on February 15, 1898 and was blamed on the Spanish. The war was declared on April 10, 1898 and the treaty was signed on April 17, 19—(I wrote the wrong year and have to go back and look it up, sorry!) 23. Theodore Roosevelt- Theodore Roosevelt, the first Progressive Era president and former governor of New York, was an outgoing outdoorsman who was full of life. He was also known as the â€Å"Trust-buster,† but didn’t believe that big corporations should be broken up indiscriminately. Regulation seemed the better approach to him. With Roosevelt’s â€Å"Square Deal†, TR had the government intervene in the United Mine Worker’s strike in 1902, and the sides soon settled. He continued and succeeded in reforms in railroads with the Hepburn Bill that strengthened the Interstate Commerce Commission (regulates RR). The Pure Food & Drug Act was passed also. The one area for which he is most famous is in conservation. Roosevelt was the first president to win a noble prize, and he lived at Sagamore Hill, NY. 30. William Jennings Bryan- William Jennings Bryan was the fundamentalists lawyer who was involved the Scopes Trial of the 1920’s.

Modern Christian Movement

Christian Fundamentalism is both a movement and a code of rules, referring to the adherence to the religion and Biblical teachings (http://www.sullivan-county.com/news/index.htm, 2003). Nowadays, the term is often corrupted to describe extremists and terrorists, who attack multiculturalism, democracy and the basic concepts of family planning. The present paper is designed to discuss the movement and the underlying doctrine in details and compare it to the similar Islamic and Judaist religious movements and trends. The Modern Christian Movement emerged in the beginning of the 20th century in response to modernism, industrialization and the following reformations of social life towards democracy (Appleby et al, 2003). â€Å"The five â€Å"fundamentals† of Christian belief that were enumerated in a series of 12 paperback volumes containing scholarly essays on the Bible that appeared between 1910 and 1915. Those included: 1) Biblical inerrancy; 2) The divinity of Jesus; 3)The Virgin Birth; 4) The belief that Jesus died to redeem humankind; 5)An expectation of the Second Coming, or physical return, of Jesus Christ† (www.sullivan-county.com, 2003). Furthermore, the tracts contained the criticism of technological progress and modern theology and insisted upon the return to the initials, i.e. to the first century, when original Christianity was spreading.   The whole Bible was declared inerrant, in contrast to the other Christian movements, which refuted certain parts of the Gospel. Furthermore, fundamentalists had true hostility to those who didn’t share their beliefs up to the last point, as they alleged there was nothing redundant or useless in the Bible (Appleby et al, 2003), as the scriptures should have been viewed as instructions rather than edifying stories and narratives. The followers of the movement also believed in the sixth-day Creationism and therefore rejected the whole evolutionary science. More importantly, they asserted   that Bible should not have been interpreted, as it had to be understood literally, without searching any mystic contexts, as the scriptures were written specifically for ordinary people’s understanding (Appleby et al, 2003; Armstrong, 2001). Furthermore, fundamentalists prioritized faith over virtuous lifestyle, whereas the latter was nevertheless to correspond with the exact fundamentalist teachings. It also needs to be noted that fundamentalists viewed human being as basically sinful and violent: â€Å"Because Calvin, Luther, and Augustine all see humans as â€Å"depraved† and â€Å"born into sin† produced a very negative outlook on humanity. Also their idea of the â€Å"elect† creates an attitude that they are somehow â€Å"chosen† above all others. This puts them at odds with â€Å"mainline† or liberal Protestant churches that reject the Augustinian notions of human depravity† (www.sullivan-county.com, 2003). The history of the movement itself is also interesting and controversial. In the early 20th century, the disciples of the fundamentals began to establish churches and denominations in the United States and United Kingdom (Appleby et al, 2003). In 1910, the northern Presbyterian Church proclaimed the five aforementioned principal pillars. In 1919, the World’s Christian Association was found, and W.Riley agreed to head it. In 1920, the term â€Å"fundamentalist† was first used by Curtis Lee Laws, but the contemporary fundamentalists perceived the term ambivalently, as it sounded like a conceptually new religious movement (http://mb-soft.com/believe/text/fundamen.htm, 1997). Due to the penetration of liberalism into a number of American churches, fundamentalists began to criticize widely the transformation and peculiar ‘democratization’ of Baptist and Protestant churches. Furthermore, they rejected and even attempted to curb the contemporary efforts to re-interpret and reformulate the biblical teachings, and were themselves most consistent with the content of the King James Bible, published in 1611(Armstrong, 2001; Appleby et al, 2003). â€Å"Church struggles occurred in the Methodist Episcopal Church, the Protestant Episcopal Church, and even in the southern Presbyterian Church, but the grand battles were fought in the northern Presbyterian and northern Baptist denominations. Machen was the undisputed leader among Presbyterians, joined by Clarence E.Macartney† (mb-soft.com, 1997). Consequently, a number of organizations were created on the basis of the reformed Baptist and Presbyterian churches, which began to utilize the five fundamentals: the Fundamentalist Fellowship (1921), the National Federation of the Fundamentalists of the Northern Baptists (1921) and the Baptist Bible Union (1923). The unions developed their own policies in such issues as ordination of clergy ad education, and a number of particularly enthusiastic preachers denied the importance of literacy and declared Bible as their only ‘reader’ in the course of training (Armstrong, 2001; mb-soft.com, 1997). Approximately at the same time the fundamentalists began to interfere with the policies of public schools, specifically, with their curricula which included Darwinian evolution as a mandatory subject (Appleby et al, 2003). Since the 1940s, the fundamentalists split into two groups, the first one accepted the term â€Å"fundamentalism† and began to run to some extent separatist policies, whereas the second camp regarded the term as humiliating and positioning the followers of the movement as narrow-minded fanatics. The latter group, as one can understand, wished to expand the influence over Protestant churches and therefore declared their teaching as â€Å"evangelical†. This group soon ‘softened’ their hard-line Christian belief and gradually accepted the contemporary liberal ideas, expressed by a number of Protestant Church executives. Towards the late 1970s, there was a peak of the fundamentalists’ popularity, as   during Ronald Reagan campaign (Appleby et al , 2003), they were able to find answers to the most troublemaking issues like economic and social crises (in fact associated with the Vietnam War, but the adepts of the movement manipulated with the fall of the population’s moral and optimism and stated the contemporary mentality was erroneous). â€Å"They identified a new and more pervasive enemy, secular humanism, which they believed was responsible for eroding churches, schools, universities, the government, and above all families. They fought all enemies which they considered to be offspring of secular humanism, evolutionism, political and theological liberalism, loose personal morality, socialism and communism† (mb-soft.com, 1997). Thus, they employed the most powerful PR tools to influence public consciousness and arranged a number of protest actions, including the picketing family planning centers, certain education institutions and scientific laboratories in attempt to undermine the reputation of the mentioned organizations (Armstrong, 2001). Such religious activists as Jerry Falwell, pat Robertson and Hal Lindsey appeared on TV-screens as often as very popular politicians or the president and continued to encourage citizens to refuse from technological advancements, democratic ideology; the most radical fundamentalists even tried to curb immigration and force foreigners of different faith to leave the United States. The Fundamentalist Movement of the 1990s and the new millennium is still strong, but the organization has become much more ‘secluded’. Nowadays, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences has launched a new project that encourages scholars in the United States and around the world to study fundamentalism (http://religiousmovements.lib.virginia.edu/nrms/fund.html, 1998). They also theorized the religious doctrine and outlined the its basic characteristics, which include the manifestation of religious truth which must not be secreted, religious idealism as the major aspect of fundamentalist identity and demonization of any movements which diverge from the doctrine. Furthermore, â€Å"fundamentalists envision themselves as part of a cosmic struggle; they seize on historical moments and reinterpret them in the light of this cosmic struggle; they envy modernist cultural hegemony and try to overturn the distribution of power† (religiousmovements.lib.virginia.edu, 1998). Appleby also discusses the major characteristics of the organized movement and stated and its primary course is the increase of the popularity of Christian religion. Furthermore, the members of the movement are selective and reject specific aspects of technological progress rather then modernity in general; the organization itself has â€Å"an elect or chosen membership; sharp group boundaries; charismatic authoritarian leaders and mandated behavioral requirement† (ibid, 1998). As one can understand, Christian fundamentalism has a lot in common with Islam and Judaism, especially in terms of the structure of the movement. For instance, both Orthodox Judaist and Islamic fundamentalist movements have the same organizational characteristics and regard themselves as the participants of a cosmic struggle. This trend, however, is not very notable in Judaism, whereas the most hard-line Muslim leaders (of radical organizations like al-Qaeda) wage true war against otherwise-minded, and, similarly to Christian fundamentalists, demonize anyone who dares challenge the teachings from the Holy Scriptures perceived as central. Judaism has always been less radical and its fundamentals are more related to the controversy over the origin of the Torah, which, as most Orthodox Judaists hold, derives actually from God rather than from humankind (Armstrong, 2001). Judaist Fundamentalism also includes â€Å"Laws of Rabbinic decree to better enforce Torah law (e.g. the prohibition of eating/cooking mixtures of milk and poultry); these laws are held to be created by the rabbis and are divinely inspired† (Armstrong, 2001, p. 385) and observes Rabbeinu Gershom’s prescriptions concerning the ban on reading letters, addressed to another person, the possibility of divorcing a female without her compliance and the regulation of eating habits. Islamic Fundamentalism refers to Sunni Islam, which recognized the Koran, Haddith and Sunnah and accordingly rejects the Shi’a laws. Similarly to the Christian Fundamentalism, the corresponding Islamic teaching includes the notion that â€Å"the problems of the world stem from secular influences. Further, the path to peace and justice lies in a return to the original message of Islam, combined with a scrupulous rejection of innovations† (Armstrong, 2001, p. 396). Technological progress is also partially rejected in the Judaist Fundamentalism – for instance, the Torah teaches that human face should not touch blade, that’s why Orthodox Jews avoid using razors and wear long beards. On the other hand, the Christian Fundamentalism has one unique feature, Messianism, which is not emphasized in the other two doctrines, as most Judaists do not view Christ as an influential religious person, whereas the concept of God’s son is absent is Islam. As one can understand, fundamentalism is to great extent synonymous to conservatism. Nevertheless, it is important to remember that the contemporary fundamentalist movement are based not purely upon the religious doctrines, but also on the aspects of PR, promotion and, if necessary, violence and compulsion. Furthermore, all of them enclose considerable restrictions upon human daily activities, – in Islam, for instance, practically all daily routines have certain algorithms; moreover, all of them challenge humanism and the principles of individual freedom, imposing personal responsibility and accountability to society or community (especially in Judaism) instead. Reference list Sullivan Country Resources. (2003). Christian Fundamentalism exposed. Available online at: http://www.sullivan-county.com/news/index.htm Religious Movements Homepage. (1998). Fundamentalism. Available online at: http://religiousmovements.lib.virginia.edu/nrms/fund.html Believe Web-Resources. (1997). (Christian) Fundamentalism. Available online at: http://mb-soft.com/believe/text/fundamen.htm Appleby, R., Almond, G. and Sivan, E. (2003). Strong Religion. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Armstrong, K. (2001). The Battle of God: A History of Fundamentalism. New York: Ballantine Books.            

Museum Essay - 1417 Words

` Judge, Stephanie Art 100 Museum Essay and Online Museum Essay Bibliography: William-Adolphe Bouguereau Biography. Bouguereau Biography. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Oct. 2012. lt;http://www.bouguereau.org/biography.htmlgt;. MFAH | Top 100 Highlights | #1 - The Elder Sister. MFAH | Top 100 Highlights | #1 - The Elder Sister. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Sept. 2012. lt;http://www.mfah.org/art/100-highlights/Elder-Sister-Bouguereau/gt;. Online Museum Essay William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) The Elder Sister, 1869 Oil on canvas, 51  ¼ x 38  ¼ inches The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston One of the finest French artists of the 19th century thought of by many is William Bouguereau. He was well known for his traditional†¦show more content†¦To the left of them is a small grayish house that displays fine lines and geometric shapes that depicts organic tall green trees that hover well above the house. The positive shape and focal point of the composition is the elder sister whom is sitting in the near distance on a rock, which is covered by abstract textures and shades of green grass that surround the whole landscape. Slouched a bit forward, one arm is quietly holding her sleeping infant brother while cradling his small torso as her other arm rests vertically over his legs onto her right knee as she gazes directly at the viewer with an intense stare. The infant seems to be comfortable in her arms by the way he is laying. Noticeably the children are exquisitely portrayed leaving no signs of any flaws. They are dressed in earth toned pristine clothing, which are painted with such delicacy and show great detail in the value. In the distance behind the space where the infant’s head lays a small pond below what appears to be grassy hills and mountains, these all appear smaller than the children which create depth and distance. Above the horizon towards the vanishing point shows a sky filled with darkened clouds combined with lighter ones that appear to encompass the top portion of the plane down to the waist of the girl. The way in which Bouguereau painted represents how passionate he was in depicting what he saw. TheShow MoreRelatedMuseums Essays10752 Words   |  44 PagesMuseum Museum, institution dedicated to helping people understand and appreciate the natural world, the history of civilizations, and the record of humanity’s artistic, scientific, and technological achievements. Museums collect objects of scientific, aesthetic, or historical importance; care for them; and study, interpret, and exhibit them for the purposes of public education and the advancement of knowledge. 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